Stream Ciphers

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Stream cipher attack - Stream ciphers where plaintext bits are combined with a cipher bit stream by an exclusive-or operation (xor) can be very secure if used properly. However they are vulnerable to attack if certain precautions are not followed:

Block size (cryptography) - In modern cryptography, symmetric key ciphers are generally divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers. Block ciphers operate on a fixed length string of bits.

Differential cryptanalysis - Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense, it is the study of how differences in an input can affect the resultant difference at the output.

MCrypt - MCrypt is a free software library and command-line tool aimed at replacing the POSIX crypt() library call and the crypt command-line tool. It implements numerous cryptographic algorithms, mostly block ciphers and stream ciphers, some of which falls under export restrictions in the United States.

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Sosemanuk Stream Cipher - Sosemanuk borrows features of the Snow stream cipher and the Serpent block cipher. The C source code for the cipher is available from the Ecrypt site.

Hiji Bij Bij - Describes a stream cipher devised by Palash Sarkar and the Cryptology Research Group at the India Statistical Institute. Like many new stream ciphers, it has two parts to its state, one part updated linearly and one part updated non-linearly. The linear part is implemented as cellular automata. The cipher can run in a self-synchronizing mode. The C source code is in this postscript document.

Helix Stream Cipher - This PDF document describes the Helix stream cipher, devised by Niels Ferguson, Doug Whiting, Bruce Schneier, John Kelsey, Stefan Lucks, and Tadayoshi Kohno. The cipher produces a MAC for every plaintext it encrypts. Source code is not included in this document, but Qualcomm Australia has implemented Helix ...

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